Spelling Analysis
Here is a chart that you can use to analyze a client's spelling error patterns.
Although the article this approach is based on (cited below) addressed 2nd graders' spelling errors, you can collect data on a client of any age and make observations about spelling error patterns their relationship to language processing.
DIRECTIONS: Write the word the client intended (spelled correctly) in the far left column and write the word as the client mis-spelled it in the column that represents its error type. Some words may contain more than one error type. Calculate percentage of each error type.
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SPELLING ANALYSIS: ERROR TYPES |
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Word intended |
phonological |
orthographic |
orthographic image |
morphological |
transposition |
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Totals |
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# correct/ # words = ___% of words spelled accurately __ words written per min.
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ERROR TYPES- DEFINITIONS |
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phonological |
orthographic |
orthographic image |
morphological |
transposition |
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A phoneme is not represented by a grapheme. (e.g., sip for slip) |
The letter(s) used to represent the phoneme is incorrect or a spelling rule is not applied. (e.g., slep for slip) |
The grapheme choice is plausible but incorrect in the specific word or syllable context (e.g., boyl for boil) |
A prefix or suffix is omitted, misspelled or, when the suffix is added, the required modification to the base word is not spelled accurately. |
The correct representation of phonemes is selected but two adjacent phonemes occur in the wrong sequence (e.g., silp for slip) |
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INTERPRETATION |
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Percent Correct spelling of specific patterns in the spelling of beginning 2nd Graders |
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Of all the opportunities to make linguistic spelling errors phonological errors occurred 1.30%, orthographic errors occurred 8.52%, orthographic image errors occurred 8.23% and morphological errors occurred 56.2%, transposition errors occurred rarely. |
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Based on: Arndt, E.J. and Foorman, B.R. (2010) Second Graders as Spellers: What Types of Errors Are They Making? Assessment for Effective Intervention. 36(1), 57-61.